Description

Hydrobromic Acid: A Powerful Reagent for Diverse Applications

Hydrobromic acid (HBr) is a strong, inorganic acid, renowned for its highly corrosive nature and potent reactivity. This aqueous solution of hydrogen bromide (HBr gas) finds extensive use in various industrial and laboratory settings. Understanding its properties and handling precautions is crucial for safe and effective utilization.

Key Properties:

• Chemical Formula: HBr
• Molar Mass: Approximately 80.91 g/mol (varies slightly depending on concentration)
• Appearance: Colorless to slightly yellow liquid (depending on purity and concentration). Impurities can lead to a darker coloration.
• Odor: Pungent, acrid, and irritating.
• Solubility: Miscible with water in all proportions.
• Strength: Strong acid; completely dissociates in aqueous solution.
• Density: Varies depending on concentration; typically higher than water.
• Boiling Point: Varies significantly with concentration; pure HBr boils at -67°C, while concentrated aqueous solutions have much higher boiling points.

Grades and Concentrations:

Hydrobromic acid is available in various grades and concentrations, catering to different applications:

• Reagent Grade: High purity, suitable for analytical and laboratory use.
• Technical Grade: A less pure grade, suitable for industrial applications where high purity isn't critical.
• Concentrations: Typically available in concentrations ranging from 48% to 62% (w/w) HBr. Higher concentrations are possible but require specialized handling.

Applications:

Hydrobromic acid's versatility makes it valuable across multiple industries:

• Chemical Synthesis: Used as a catalyst, reagent, and solvent in numerous organic and inorganic reactions, including alkylation, bromination, and isomerization.
• Metal Refining and Processing: Used for the purification of metals, especially those requiring etching or cleaning processes.
• Petroleum Industry: Employed in various aspects of oil and gas processing.
• Pharmaceutical Industry: Used as a reagent in the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals.
• Etching and Cleaning: Used to etch certain metals and for cleaning applications.
• Analytical Chemistry: Employed in various analytical techniques.

Safety Precautions:

Hydrobromic acid is highly corrosive and presents significant health hazards. Always handle it with extreme caution and follow these safety measures:

• Eye Protection: Wear appropriate eye protection, including chemical splash goggles.
• Respiratory Protection: Use a respirator with appropriate filters to avoid inhalation of fumes.
• Skin Protection: Wear chemical-resistant gloves, lab coat, and other protective clothing.
• Ventilation: Work in a well-ventilated area or under a fume hood to minimize exposure to fumes.
• Spill Response: Have a spill kit readily available and follow established spill response procedures. Neutralize spills with a weak base, such as sodium bicarbonate solution.
• Storage: Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from incompatible materials.

Disclaimer: This product description provides general information. Always consult the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) provided by the manufacturer before handling hydrobromic acid. Improper handling can result in serious injury or death. Use only in accordance with applicable regulations and safety protocols.